Improvement in composition roofing



Edited tiene @aient @titte BENJAMIN D. SANDERS, 0F WELLSBURG, WEST VIRGINIA.

Lett-ers Patent No. 101,314, dated March 29, 1870.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the lame.

To all whom it may conce/m Be it known that I, BENJAMIN D. SANDERS, of Wellsburg, in vthe county of Brooke and State of West Virginia, have invented a newr and useful Improvement in Roofing Composition and Roofs and I 'do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear,

'use my invention, I will proceed to describe the same.

The composition I employ consists of any of the known materials used in the making of soft composition roof, mixed with hair, or other animal fiber,

which possesses considerable strength with but little liability to decay.

The ordinary composition roofs, it is well known,

are liable, in the changeable temperature of the tem-- perate zone, to crack and leak.

The hair or other equivalent fibrous material I introduce into the composition while the latter' is in a Huid condition, either during its manufacture or when remelted, and before or at the time of its being applied to the roof.v Of course, it should be well and uniformly mixed in, especially on the surface or upper coating or layer, and here it maybe applied, if so desired, alter the composition is spread on the roof and before it has solidified.

Such fibrous material so introduced into or applied to the soft composition increases its adhesive power, and goes far to resist its tendency to crack by unequal lexpansion and contraction, as well as to run under the softening effects of the heat ofthe sun.

Asa further improvement in Tooling, I so' apply the soft composition by which it is designed to render the roof water-tight as to prevent leakage at the edge ofthe roof.

This feature of my invention is especially designed for use with what are sometimes called tank-roofs,'in which a fiat roof, A, is laid 1 n the walls B, and surrounded by a raised'Water-tight ledge, C, so as to st'ore up or retain on the roof `a constant supply of water for domestic or other purposes.

In such roofs the roofing composition, it has been found, is most liable to crack at the junction of the tioor and raised ledge.

To prevent this I make a lining, b, place it just inside the main ledge G, at a distance therefrom of, say, onehalf an inch, more or less, and lill in between the two with the soft roofing composition, as shown at c. I then cover the door a and the inside of the lining b with the rooin g paper and composition a', in the usual way, taking care to ood the floor a so completely with the composition that even if it be melted by the heat of the suns rays it cannot flow off, so as to leave any part bare.

The water waste-pipe d, by which water is carried down into, throughor outside of the house, is supplied With a funnel, d', at its upper end, which is so set that its upper edge shall be above the surface of the composition of the roof.

If so desired, a layer of rooting paper and of roofing compound may be laid under the lining b.

I have also found the oors of such roofs, as ordinaiily laid, rather facilitate than lessen the liability of the rooting material to crack.

The ooring is generally laid with a tongue-andgroove joint, and then when, the boards shrink, as they commonly do, the joints open and cause a crack in the composition.

In order to obviate this defect I make the iioorlngl boards a with a hook-joint, as shown, the contiguous boards having -0n the upper edge of one and the lower edge of the other a hook, s, each hooks entering and filling the groove inthe adjacent board between its hook and the body of the board.

These hooks s and grooves are planed in the edges of the ooring-boards a by the use of a plane having a suitably-shaped bit.

In a floor so made, if the flooring-boards expand or swell, they close the joint the tighter, as in ordinary ooring, while if they contact and shrink, the inner faces of the hooks s s are made to engage each other the closer, which feature does not exist in roof-doors as heretofore laid.

The waste-pipe d should be provided with one or more cocks, e, by which to control the supply of water, and by the use of branch-pipes, flexible hose, &c., the water can be supplied at any desired point in or about the house or premises.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In composition tank-roofs, interposing a layer of composition between the main ledge C and a lining, b, substantially as described.

2. In the flooring of composition roofs, making the iiooring boards with a hook-joint as described. v

In testimony whereof', I, the said BENJAMN D. SANDERS, have hereunto set my hand.

B. D. SANDERS.

Witnesses:

G. H. CnEIsTy, A. S. NICHOLSON. 

